AcwiwPZv iex›`abv_ VvKi
†jLK-cwiwPwZ iex›`abv_
VvKi 1861 wLaóv‡ãi 7B †g (1268 e1⁄2v‡ãi
25G ˆekvL) KjKvZvi †Rvovmv‡Kvi VvKi cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Zvi wcZv †`‡e›`abv_
VvKi, gvZv mvi`v †`ex| wek¦Kwe Awfavq m¤¢vwlZ iex›`abv_ VvKi evsjv mvwn‡Z ̈i cÖ_g mv_©K †QvUMí iPwqZv Ges evsjv
†QvUM‡íi †kÖô wkíx| Zvi †jLbx‡ZB evsjv †QvUM‡íi DTM¢e, weKvk I mgw× N‡U‡Q| Zvi
†QvUMí wek¦mvwn‡Z ̈i
†kÖô †QvUMí ̧‡jvi mgZj ̈| 1284 e1⁄2v‡ã
gvÎ †lvj eQi eq‡m ÒwfLvwibxÓ Mí iPbvi gva ̈‡g
†QvUMí †jLK wn‡m‡e Zvi AvZ¥cÖKvk N‡U| Gi ci †_‡K Rxe‡bi cÖvq †kl w`b ch©šÍ `xN©
†PŠlwÆ eQ‡i wZwb ALÐ ÔMí ̧‡”QÕ
msKwjZ 95wU †QvUMí iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Gi evB‡iI Ô†mÕ, ÔMímíÕ Ges ÔwjwcKvÕ Ma‡š’ Zvi
AviI Mí msKwjZ n‡q‡Q| iex›`abv_ VvKi iwPZ me©‡kl MíwUi bvg Ògmjgvbxi MíÓ|
cvwievwiK Rwg`vwi Z`viwKi m Î Kwóqvi wkjvB`‡n emev‡mi KvjB iex›`abv‡_i †QvUMí
iPbvi ̄^Y©hM|
Ô†mvbvi ZixÕ Kv‡e ̈i
†kÖô KweZv ̧‡jvI wZwb GKB mg‡q iPbv
K‡ib| cÖKwZi c‡U Rxeb‡K ̄’vcb K‡i Rxe‡bi MxZgq wek¦Rbxb cÖKvkB
iex›`aM‡íi †kÖô m¤ú`| Z‡e wek kZ‡K iwPZ M‡í cÖKwZ I MxZgqZvi ̄’‡j
ev ̄ÍeZvB cÖvavb ̈ †c‡q‡Q| MíKvi wn‡m‡e wZwb †hgb e‡iY ̈, Jcb ̈vwmK
wn‡m‡eI evsjv mvwn‡Z ̈
Zvi ̄’vb
mwbw`©ó| Zvi iwPZ Dcb ̈vm
̧‡jvi g‡a ̈
Ô†Pv‡Li evwjÕ, Ô†MvivÕ, ÔPZi1⁄2Õ,
ÔN‡i-evB‡iÕ, Ô†k‡li KweZvÕ, Ô†hvMv‡hvMÕ evsjv Dcb ̈v‡mi †kÖô m¤ú`| bvUK iPbvi †ÿ‡ÎI
iex›`abv‡_i †kÖôZ¡ Awemsevw`Z| Zvi iwPZ we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM ̈ bvUK ̧‡jv
n‡jv : ÔivRvÕ, ÔAPjvqZbÕ, ÔWvKNiÕ, Ôg3avivÕ, Ôi3KiexÕ| 1941 wLaóv‡ãi 7B AvM÷
(1348 e1⁄2v‡ãi 22G kÖveY) †Rvovmv‡Kvi VvKievwo‡Z
iex›`abv_ VvK‡ii Rxebvemvb N‡U|
AvR
Avgvi eqm mvZvk gvÎ| G RxebUv bv ˆ`‡N© ̈i
wnmv‡e eo, bv ̧‡Yi wnmv‡e| ZeyBnvi GKUzwe‡kl g ̈
Av‡Q| Bnv †mB d‡ji g‡Zv hvnvi e‡Ki Dc‡i ågi Avwmqv ewmqvwQj, Ges †mB c`‡ÿ‡ci
BwZnvm Zvnvi Rxe‡bi gvSLv‡b d‡ji g‡Zv ̧wU awiqv DwVqv‡Q| †mB BwZnvmUKzAvKv‡i
†Qv‡Uv, Zvnv‡K †Qv‡Uv KwiqvB wjwLe| †Qv‡Uv‡K hvnviv mvgvb ̈ ewjqv fj K‡ib bv Zvnviv Bnvi im ewS‡eb|
K‡j‡R hZ ̧‡jv cixÿv cvm Kwievi me
Avwg PKvBqvwQ| †Q‡j‡ejvq Avgvi m›`i †Pnviv jBqv cwÐZgkvq Avgv‡K wkgj dj I gvKvj
d‡ji mwnZ Zjbv Kwiqv, we`ac Kwievi m‡hvM cvBqvwQ‡jb| Bnv‡Z ZLb e‡ov j3⁄4v cvBZvg; wKš‘ eqm nBqv G K_v fvweqvwQ,
hw` Rb¥všÍi _v‡K Z‡e Avgvi g‡L miƒc Ges cwÐZgkvq‡`i g‡L we`a Avevi †hb Agwb
KwiqvB cÖKvk cvq| Avgvi wcZv GK Kv‡j Mwie wQ‡jb| IKvjwZ Kwiqv wZwb cÖPi UvKv
†ivRMvi Kwiqv‡Qb, †fvM Kwievi mgq wb‡glgvÎI cvb bvB| gZ ‡Z wZwb †h nvd Qvwo‡jb
†mB Zvi cÖ_g AeKvk| Avgvi ZLb eqm Aí| gvi nv‡ZB Avwg gvbl| gv Mwi‡ei N‡ii †g‡q;
ZvB, Avgiv †h abx G K_v wZwbI †fv‡jb bv, Avgv‡K fwj‡Z †`b bv| wkïKv‡j Avwg
†Kv‡j †Kv‡jB gvblцeva Kwi, †mBRb ̈
†kl ch©šÍ Avgvi civcwi eqmB nBj bv| AvRI Avgv‡K †`wL‡j g‡b nB‡e, Avwg Abœc ©vi
†Kv‡j MRvb‡bi †Qv‡Uv fvBwU|
22
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
Avgvi
Avmj AwffveK Avgvi gvgv| wZwb Avgvi †P‡q e‡ov‡Rvi eQi Q‡qK eo| wKš‘ dêi evwji
g‡Zv wZwb Avgv‡`i mg ̄Í
msmviUv‡K wb‡Ri AšÍ‡ii g‡a ̈
ïwlqv jBqv‡Qb| Zvnv‡K bv Lwoqv GLvbKvi GK MÐ I im cvBevi †Rv bvB| GB Kvi‡Y
†Kv‡bv-wKQi Rb ̈B
Avgv‡K †Kv‡bv fvebv fvwe‡ZB nq bv| Kb ̈vi
wcZv gv‡ÎB ̄^xKvi Kwi‡eb, Avwg mrcvÎ| ZvgvKUKzch©šÍ
LvB bv| fv‡jvgvbl nIqvi †Kv‡bv SÅvU bvB, ZvB Avwg wbZvšÍ fv‡jvgvbl| gvZvi Av‡`k
gvwbqv Pwjevi ÿgZv Avgvi Av‡QÑ e ̄‘Z,
bv gvwbevi ÿgZv Avgvi bvB| AšÍtc‡ii kvm‡b Pwjevi g‡Zv KwiqvB Avwg cÖ ̄‘Z nBqvwQ, hw` †Kv‡bv Kb ̈v ̄^q¤^iv nb Z‡e GB mjÿYwU ̄§iY
ivwL‡eb| A‡bK e‡ov Ni nB‡Z Avgvi m¤^Ü AvwmqvwQj| wKš‘ gvgv, whwb cw_ex‡Z Avgvi
fvM ̈‡`eZvi cÖavb G‡R›U, weevn m¤^‡Ü Zvi GKUv
we‡kl gZ wQj| abxi Kb ̈v
Zvi cQ›` bq| Avgv‡`i N‡i †h †g‡q Avwm‡e †m gv_v †nU Kwiqv Avwm‡e, GB wZwb Pvb|
A_P UvKvi cÖwZ Avmw3 Zvi Aw ̄’g3⁄4vq RwoZ| wZwb Ggb †envB Pvb hvnvi UvKv
bvB A_P †h UvKv w`‡Z Kmi Kwi‡e bv| hv‡nvK †kvlY Kiv Pwj‡e A_P evwo‡Z
Avwm‡j ̧o
̧woi cwie‡Z© evav ûKvq ZvgvK w`‡j hvnvi
bvwjk LvwU‡e bv| Avgvi eÜznwik Kvbc‡i KvR K‡i| †m QwU‡Z KwjKvZvq Avwmqv Avgvi
gb DZjv Kwiqv w`j| †m ewjj, ÒI‡n, †g‡q hw` ej GKwU Lvmv †g‡q Av‡Q|Ó wKQw`b c
e©B GgG cvm KwiqvwQ| mvg‡b hZ ` ch©šÍ `wó P‡j QwU a a Kwi‡Z‡Q; cixÿv bvB,
D‡g`wi bvB, PvKwi bvB; wb‡Ri welq †`wLevi wPšÍvI bvB, wkÿvI bvB, B”QvI bvBÑ
_vwKevi g‡a ̈I wfZ‡i Av‡Qb gv Ges
evwn‡i Av‡Qb gvgv| GB AeKv‡ki giæf gi g‡a ̈
Avgvi ü`q ZLb wek¦e ̈vcx
bvixiƒ‡ci gixwPKv †`wL‡ZwQjÑAvKv‡k Zvnvi `wó, evZv‡m Zvnvi wbtk¦vm, Ziægg©‡i
Zvnvi †Mvcb K_v| Ggb mgq nwik Avwmqv ewjj, Ò†g‡q hw` ej, Z‡eÑÓ| Avgvi kixi-gb
emšÍevZv‡m eKje‡bi becjøeivwki g‡Zv Kvwc‡Z Kvwc‡Z Av‡jvQvqv ewb‡Z jvwMj| nwik
gvblUv wQj iwmK, im w`qv eY©bv Kwievi kw3 Zvnvi wQj, Avi Avgvi gb wQj ZlvZ©| Avwg
nwik‡K ewjjvg, ÒGKevi gvgvi Kv‡Q K_vUv cvwoqv †`‡Lv|Ó nwik Avmi RgvB‡Z AwØZxq|
ZvB me©ÎB Zvnvi LvwZi| gvgvI Zvnv‡K cvB‡j Qvwo‡Z Pvb bv| K_vUv Zvi ˆeV‡K DwVj|
†g‡qi †P‡q †g‡qi ev‡ci LeiUvB Zvnvi Kv‡Q
̧iæZi| ev‡ci Ae ̄’v wZwb †hgbwU Pvb †Zgwb| GK Kv‡j Bnv‡`i
es‡k j2xi g1⁄2jNU fiv wQj| GLb Zvnv
k ̈
ewj‡jB nq, A_P Zjvq mvgvb ̈
wKQzevwK Av‡Q| †`‡k eskgh©v`v ivwLqv Pjv mnR bq ewjqv Bwb cwð‡g wMqv evm
Kwi‡Z‡Qb| †mLv‡b Mwie Mn‡ ̄’i
g‡ZvB _v‡Kb| GKwU †g‡q Qvov Zvi Avi bvB| mZivs ZvnviB cðv‡Z j2xi NUwU G‡Kev‡i
Dco Kwiqv w`‡Z wØav nB‡e bv| Gme fv‡jv K_v| wKš‘, †g‡qi eqm †h c‡b‡iv, ZvB
ïwbqv gvgvi gb fvi nBj| es‡k †Zv †Kv‡bv †`vl bvB? bv, †`vl bvBÑ evc †Kv_vI Zvi
†g‡qi †hvM ̈ ei LwRqv cvb bv| G‡K †Zv
e‡ii nvU gnvN©, Zvnvi c‡i abK-fvOv cY, Kv‡RB evc †KejB mei Kwi‡Z‡QbÑ wKš‘ †g‡qi
eqm mei Kwi‡Z‡Q bv| hvB †nvK, nwi‡ki mim imbvi
̧Y Av‡Q| gvgvi gb big nBj| weev‡ni f
gKv-AskUv wbwe©‡Nœ mgvav nBqv †Mj| KwjKvZvi evwn‡i evwK †h cw_exUv Av‡Q mg ̄ÍUv‡KB gvgv AvÛvgvb Øx‡ci AšÍM©Z ewjqv Rv‡bb|
Rxe‡b GKevi we‡kl Kv‡R wZwb †KvbœMi ch©šÍ wM‡qwQ‡jb| gvgv hw` gbynB‡Zb Z‡e wZwb
nveovi cj cvi nIqvUv‡K Zvnvi mswnZvq G‡Kev‡i wb‡la Kwiqv w`‡Zb| g‡bi g‡a ̈ B”Qv wQj, wb‡Ri †Pv‡L †g‡q †`wLqv Avwme|
mvnm Kwiqv cÖ ̄Íve Kwi‡Z cvwijvg bv|
AcwiwPZv
23
Kb
̈v‡K Avkxe©v` Kwievi Rb ̈ hvnv‡K cvVv‡bv nBj †m Avgv‡`i web`v`v,
Avgvi wcmZ‡Zv fvB| Zvnvi g‡Zv iæwP Ges `ÿZvi Õc‡i Avwg †lv‡jv-Avbv wbf©i Kwi‡Z
cvwi| web`v wdwiqv Avwmqv ewj‡jb, Òg›` bq †n! LvwU †mvbv e‡U!Ó web`v`vi fvlvUv
AZ ̈šÍ AvU| †hLv‡b Avgiv ewj ÔPgrKviÕ †mLv‡b
wZwb e‡jb ÔPjbmBÕ| AZGe ewSjvg, Avgvi fv‡M ̈
cÖRvcwZi m‡1⁄2 cÂk‡ii †Kv‡bv we‡iva
bvB|
2 ejv evûj ̈, weevn-Dcj‡ÿ Kb ̈vcÿ‡KB KwjKvZvq Avwm‡Z nBj| Kb ̈vi wcZv k¤¢bv_eveynwik‡K KZ wek¦vm K‡ib
Zvnvi cÖgvY GB †h, weev‡ni wZb w`b c e© wZwb Avgv‡K cÖ_g P‡ÿ †`‡Lb Ges Avkxe©v`
Kwiqv hvb| eqm Zvi Pwjø‡ki wKQzGcv‡i ev Icv‡i| Pj KvPv, †Mv‡d cvK awi‡Z Avi¤¢
Kwiqv‡Q gvÎ| mciæl e‡U| wf‡oi g‡a ̈
†`wL‡j mK‡ji Av‡M Zvi Dc‡i †PvL cwoevi g‡Zv †Pnviv| Avkv Kwi Avgv‡K †`wLqv wZwb
Lwk nBqvwQ‡jb| †evSv k3, †Kbbv wZwb eoB PcPvc| †h `wU-GKwU K_v e‡jb †hb Zvnv‡Z
civ †Rvi w`qv e‡jb bv| gvgvi gL ZLb AbM©j QwU‡ZwQjÑ a‡b gv‡b Avgv‡`i ̄’vb
†h kn‡ii KviI †P‡q Kg bq, †mB‡U‡KB wZwb bvbv cÖm‡1⁄2 cÖPvi Kwi‡ZwQ‡jb| k¤¢bv_eve G K_vq
G‡Kev‡i †hvMB w`‡jb bvÑ †Kv‡bv dv‡K GKUv û ev n v wKQB †kvbv †Mj bv| Avwg nB‡j
`wgqv hvBZvg, wKš‘ gvgv‡K `gv‡bv k3| wZwb k¤¢bv_evei PcPvc fve †`wLqv fvwe‡jb,
†jvKUv wbZvšÍ wbRx©e, G‡Kev‡i †Kv‡bv †ZR bvB| †envB-m¤úa`v‡qi Avi hvB _vK, †ZR
_vKvUv †`v‡li, AZGe gvgv g‡b g‡b Lwk nB‡jb| k¤¢bv_eve hLb DwV‡jb ZLb gvgv
ms‡ÿ‡c Dci nB‡ZB Zv‡K we`vq Kwi‡jb, Mvwo‡Z Zwjqv w`‡Z †M‡jb bv| cY m¤^‡Ü `B c‡ÿ
cvKvcvwK K_v wVK nBqv wMqvwQj| gvgv wb‡R‡K Amvgvb ̈ PZi ewjqvB Awfgvb Kwiqv _v‡Kb| K_vevZ©vq
†Kv_vI wZwb wKQzdvK iv‡Lb bvB| UvKvi A1⁄4
†Zv w ̄’i wQjB, Zvic‡i Mnbv KZ fwii Ges †mvbv KZ
`‡ii nB‡e †mI G‡Kev‡i evavevwa nBqv wMqvwQj| Avwg wb‡R Gmg ̄Í K_vi g‡a ̈
wQjvg bv; RvwbZvg bv †`bv-cvIbv Kx w ̄’i
nBj| g‡b RvwbZvg, GB ̄’’j AskUvI weev‡ni GKUv cÖavb Ask, Ges †m
As‡ki fvi hvi Dc‡i wZwb GK KovI VwK‡eb bv| e ̄‘Z,
Avðh© cvKv †jvK ewjqv gvgv Avgv‡`i mg ̄Í
msmv‡ii cÖavb M‡e©i mvgMÖx| †hLv‡b Avgv‡`i †Kv‡bv m¤^Ü Av‡Q †mLv‡b me©ÎB wZwb
ew×i jovB‡q wRwZ‡eb, G G‡Kev‡i aiv K_v, GB Rb ̈
Avgv‡`i Afve bv _vwK‡jI Ges Ab ̈
c‡ÿi Afve KwVb nB‡jI wRwZe, Avgv‡`i msmv‡ii GB †R`ÑBnv‡Z †h evPK Avi †h giæK| Mv‡q-nj`
Am¤¢e iKg ag Kwiqv †Mj| evnK GZ †Mj †h Zvnvi Av`g-kgvwi Kwi‡Z nB‡j †Kivwb ivwL‡Z
nq| Zvnvw`M‡K we`vq Kwi‡Z Aci cÿ‡K †h bvKvj nB‡Z nB‡e, †mB K_v ̄§iY
Kwiqv gvgvi m‡1⁄2
gv GK‡hv‡M we ̄Íi nvwm‡jb| e ̈vÛ, evwk, k‡Li KÝU© cÖfwZ †hLv‡b hZcÖKvi
D”P kã Av‡Q mg ̄Í
GKm‡1⁄2 wgkvBqv ee©i †Kvjvn‡ji gË n ̄Íx Øviv msMxZ mi ̄^Zxi cÙeb `wjZ we`wjZ Kwiqv Avwg †Zv
weevn-evwo‡Z wMqv DwVjvg| AvswU‡Z nv‡i‡Z Rwi-Rniv‡Z Avgvi kixi †hb Mnbvi †`vKvb
wbjv‡g Pwoqv‡Q ewjqv †eva nBj| Zvnv‡`i fvex RvgvB‡qi g ̈
KZ †mUv †hb KZK cwigv‡Y me©v‡1⁄2 ̄úó
Kwiqv wjwLqv fvex k¦ï‡ii m‡1⁄2
†gvKvwejv Kwi‡Z PwjqvwQjvg| gvgv weevn-evwo‡Z XwKqv Lwk nB‡jb bv| G‡K †Zv
DVvbUv‡Z eihvÎx‡`i RvqMv msKjvb nIqvB k3, Zvnvi c‡i mg ̄Í Av‡qvRb wbZvšÍ ga ̈g iK‡gi| Bnvi c‡i k¤¢bv_evei e ̈enviUvI †bnvZ VvÐv| Zvi webqUv AR ̄a bq| g‡L †Zv K_vB bvB †Kvg‡i Pv`i evav,
Mjv fvOv, UvK-cov, wgk-Kv‡jv Ges
24
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
wecj-kixi
Zvi GKwU DwKj-eÜzhw` wbqZ nvZ †Rvo Kwiqv gv_v †njvBqv, b¤aZvi w ̄§Znv‡m ̈
I M`M` eP‡b KÝU© cvwUi KiZvj-evwR‡q nB‡Z ïiæ Kwiqv eiKZ©v‡`i cÖ‡Z ̈K‡K evi evi cÖPiiƒ‡c Awfwl3 Kwiqv bv w`‡Zb
Z‡e †Mvov‡ZB GUv Gm&&cvi-Im&&cvi nBZ| Avwg mfvq ewmevi wKQÿY c‡iB
gvgv k¤¢bv_eve‡K cv‡ki N‡i WvwKqv jBqv †M‡jb| Kx K_v nBj Rvwb bv, wKQÿY c‡iB
k¤¢bv_eveyAvgv‡K Avwmqv ewj‡jb, ÒevevwR, GKevi GB w`‡K Avm‡Z n‡”Q|Ó e ̈vcviLvbv GB| ÑmK‡ji bv nDK, wKš‘ †Kv‡bv
†Kv‡bv gvb‡li Rxe‡bi GKUv wKQzjÿ ̈
_v‡K| gvgvi GKgvÎ jÿ ̈
wQj, wZwb †Kv‡bvg‡ZB KviI Kv‡Q VwK‡eb bv| Zvi fq Zvi †envB Zv‡K Mnbvq dvwK w`‡Z
cv‡ibÑweevnKvh© †kl nBqv †M‡j †m dvwKi Avi cÖwZKvi Pwj‡e bv| evwofvov mIMv`
†jvKÑwe`vq cÖfwZ m¤^‡Ü †hiKg UvbvUvwbi cwiPq cvIqv †M‡Q Zvnv‡Z gvgv wVK
KwiqvwQ‡jb- †`Iqv-†_vIqv m¤^‡Ü G †jvKwUi ïayg‡Li K_vi Dci fi Kiv Pwj‡e bv|
†mBRb ̈ evwoi †mKiv‡K m× m‡1⁄2 AvwbqvwQ‡jb| cv‡ki N‡i wMqv †`wLjvg,
gvgv GK Z3‡cv‡k Ges †mKiv Zvnvi `vwocvjøv Kwócv_i cÖfwZ jBqv †g‡Rq ewmqv Av‡Q|
k¤¢bv_eveyAvgv‡K ewj‡jb, Ò†Zvgvi gvgv ewj‡Z‡Qb weev‡ni KvR ïiæ nBevi Av‡MB wZwb
K‡bi mg ̄Í Mnbv hvPvB Kwiqv †`wL‡eb, Bnv‡Z Zwg Kx
ej|Ó Avwg gv_v †nU Kwiqv Pc Kwiqv iwnjvg| gvgv ewj‡jb, ÒI Avevi Kx ewj‡e| Avwg
hv ewje ZvB nB‡e|Ó
k¤¢bv_eveyAvgvi
w`‡K Pvwnqv Kwn‡jb, Ò†mB K_v Z‡e wVK? Dwb hv ewj‡eb ZvB nB‡e? G m¤^‡Ü †Zvgvi wKQB
ewjevi bvB?Ó Avwg GKUzNvo-bvovi Bw1⁄2‡Z
RvbvBjvg, Gme K_vq Avgvi m¤ú © AbwaKvi| ÒAv”Qv Z‡e †ev‡mv, †g‡qi Mv nB‡Z mg ̄Í Mnbv Lwjqv Avwb‡ZwQ|Ó GB ewjqv wZwb
DwV‡jb| gvgv ewj‡jb, ÒAbcg GLv‡b Kx Kwi‡e| I mfvq wMqv emK|Ó k¤¢bv_ ewj‡jb,
Òbv, mfvq bq, GLv‡bB ewm‡Z nB‡e|Ó wKQÿY c‡i wZwb GKLvbv MvgQvq evav Mnbv Avwbqv
Z3‡cv‡ki Dci †gwjqv awi‡jb| mg ̄ÍB
Zvnvi wcZvgnx‡`i Avg‡ji MnbvÑ nvj d ̈vk‡bi
m2 KvR bqÑ †hgb †gvUv †Zgwb fvix| †mKiv Mnbv nv‡Z Zwjqv jBqv ewjj, ÒG Avi †`wLe
Kx| Bnv‡Z Lv` bvBÑGgb †mvbv GLbKvi w`‡b e ̈enviB
nq bv|Ó GB ewjqv †m gKigLv †gvUv GKLvbv evjvq GKUzPvc w`qv †`LvBj Zvnv evwKqv
hvq| gvgv ZLbB †bvUeB‡q Mnbv ̧wji
d`© UwKqv jB‡jb, cv‡Q hvnv †`Lv‡bv nBj Zvnvi †Kv‡bvUv Kg c‡o| wnmve Kwiqv
†`wL‡jb, Mnbv †h cwigvY w`evi K_v G ̧wj
msL ̈vq, `‡i Ges fv‡i Zvi A‡bK †ewk| Mnbv ̧wji g‡a ̈
GK‡Rvov Gqvwis wQj| k¤¢bv_ †mB‡U †mKivi nv‡Z w`qv ewj‡jb, ÒGB‡U GKevi ciL Kwiqv
†`‡Lv|Ó †mKiv Kwnj, ÒBnv wejvwZ gvj, Bnv‡Z †mvbvi fvM mvgvb ̈B Av‡Q|Ó k¤¢eveyGqvwis †Rvov gvgvi nv‡Z
w`qv ewj‡jb, ÒGUv AvcbvivB ivwLqv w`b|Ó
25
AcwiwPZv
gvgv
†mUv nv‡Z jBqv †`wL‡jb, GB Gqvwis w`qvB Kb ̈v‡K
Zvnviv Avkxe©v` KwiqvwQ‡jb| gvgvi gL jvj nBqv DwVj| `wi`a Zvnv‡K VKvB‡Z Pvwn‡e
wKš‘ wZwb VwK‡eb bv GB Avb›`-m‡¤¢vM nB‡Z ewÂZ nB‡jb Ges Zvnvi Dc‡iI
wKQzDcwi-cvIbv RwUj| AZ ̈šÍ
gL fvi Kwiqv ewj‡jb, ÒAbcg, hvI, Zwg mfvq wM‡q †ev‡mv †M|Ó k¤¢bv_eveyewj‡jb,
Òbv, GLb mfvq ewm‡Z nB‡e bv| Pjb, Av‡M Avcbv‡`i LvIqvBqv w`B|Ó gvgv ewj‡jb, Ò†m
Kx K_v| jMœÑÓ k¤¢bv_eveyewj‡jb, Ò†mRb ̈
wKQzfvwe‡eb bvÑGLb DVb|Ó †jvKwU †bnvZ fv‡jvgvbl-ai‡bi, wKš‘ wfZ‡i †ek GKUz†Rvi
Av‡Q ewjqv †eva nBj| gvgv‡K DwV‡Z nBj| eihvÎx‡`iI Avnvi nBqv †Mj| Av‡qvR‡bi
Avo¤^i wQj bv| wKš‘ ivbœv fv‡jv Ges mg ̄Í
†ek cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ewjqv mK‡jiB Zwß nBj| eihvÎx‡`i LvIqv †kl nB‡j
k¤¢bv_eveyAvgv‡K LvB‡Z ewj‡jb| gvgv ewj‡jb, Ò†m Kx K_v| weev‡ni c e© ei LvB‡e
†Kgb Kwiqv|Ó G m¤^‡Ü gvgvi †Kv‡bv gZcÖKvk‡K wZwb m¤ú © D‡cÿv Kwiqv Avgvi w`‡K
Pvwnqv ewj‡jb, ÒZwg Kx ej| ewmqv hvB‡Z †`vl wKQzAv‡Q?Ó g Z©gZx gvZ-AvÁv- ̄^iƒ‡c gvgv Dcw ̄’Z, Zvi weiæ‡× Pjv Avgvi c‡ÿ Am¤¢e| Avwg
Avnv‡i ewm‡Z cvwijvg bv| ZLb k¤¢bv_eveygvgv‡K ewj‡jb, ÒAvcbvw`M‡K A‡bK Kó
w`qvwQ| Avgiv abx bB, Avcbv‡`i †hvM ̈
Av‡qvRb Kwi‡Z cvwi bvB, ÿgv Kwi‡eb| ivZ nBqv †M‡Q, Avi Avcbv‡`i Kó evovB‡Z B”Qv
Kwi bv| GLb Z‡e ÑÓ gvgv ewj‡jb, ÒZv, mfvq Pjb, Avgiv †Zv cÖ ̄‘Z AvwQ|Ó k¤¢bv_ ewj‡jb, ÒZ‡e Avcbv‡`i
Mvwo ewjqv w`B?Ó gvgv Avðh© nBqv ewj‡jb, ÒVvÆv Kwi‡Z‡Qb bvwK|Ó k¤¢bv_ Kwn‡jb,
ÒVvÆv †Zv AvcwbB Kwiqv mvwiqv‡Qb| VvÆvi m¤úK©Uv‡K ̄’vqx
Kwievi B”Qv Avgvi bvB|Ó gvgv `B †PvL GZ e‡ov Kwiqv †gwjqv AevK nBqv iwn‡jb|
k¤¢bv_ Kwn‡jb, ÒAvgvi Kb ̈vi
Mnbv Avwg Pwi Kwie G K_v hviv g‡b K‡i Zv‡`i nv‡Z Avwg Kb ̈v w`‡Z cvwi bv|Ó Avgv‡K GKwU K_v ejvI wZwb
Avek ̈K †eva Kwi‡jb bv| KviY, cÖgvY nBqv †M‡Q,
Avwg †KnB bB| Zvic‡i hv nBj †m Avwg ewj‡Z B”Qv Kwi bv| SvojÉb fvwOqv-Pwiqv,
wRwbmcÎ jÐfÐ Kwiqv, eihv‡Îi `j `ÿh‡Ái cvjv mvwiqv evwni nBqv †Mj| evwo wdwievi
mgq e ̈vÛ imb‡PŠwK I KÝU© GKm‡1⁄2 evwRj bv Ges A‡åi Svo ̧‡jv AvKv‡ki Zvivi
26
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
Dci
Avcbv‡`i KZ©‡e ̈i
eivZ w`qv †Kv_vq †h gnvwbe©vY jvf Kwij mÜvb cvIqv †Mj bv| 3 evwoi mK‡j †Zv ivwMqv Av ̧b|
Kb ̈vi wcZvi GZ ̧gi!
Kwj †h Pvi‡cvqv nBqv Avwmj! mK‡j ewjj, Ò†`wL, †g‡qi we‡q †`b †Kgb Kwiqv|Ó wKš‘
†g‡qi we‡q nB‡e bv G fq hvi g‡b bvB Zvi kvw ̄Íi
Dcvq wK| g ̄Í evsjv‡`‡ki g‡a ̈ AvwgB GKgvÎ ciæl hvnv‡K Kb ̈vi evc weev‡ni Avmi nB‡Z wb‡R wdivBqv w`qv‡Q|
GZ e‡ov mrcv‡Îi Kcv‡j GZ e‡ov Kj‡1⁄4i
`vM †Kvb bó MÖn GZ Av‡jv R¡vjvBqv, evRbv evRvBqv, mgv‡ivn Kwiqv AvwKqv w`j?
eihvÎxiv GB ewjqv Kcvj PvcovB‡Z jvwMj †h, Òweevn nBj bv A_P Avgv‡`i dvwK w`qv
LvIqvBqv w`jÑ cvKhš¿Uv‡K mg ̄Í
Abœm× †mLv‡b Uvb gvwiqv †dwjqv w`qv Avwm‡Z cvwi‡j Z‡e Avd‡mvm wgwUZ|Ó weev‡ni
Pw3f1⁄2 I gvbnvwbi `vwe‡Z bvwjk Kwie ewjqv gvgv
AZ ̈šÍ †Mvj Kwiqv †eovB‡Z jvwM‡jb| wn‰Zlxiv
eSvBqv w`j, Zvnv nB‡j Zvgvkvi †hUKzevwK Av‡Q Zvnv civ nB‡e| ejv evûj ̈, AvwgI Le ivwMqvwQjvg| †Kv‡bv MwZ‡K
k¤¢bv_ welg Rã nBqv Avgv‡`i cv‡q awiqv Avwmqv c‡ob, †Mv‡di †iLvq Zv w`‡Z w`‡Z
GB‡UB †Kej Kvgbv Kwi‡Z jvwMjvg| wKš‘, GB Av‡μv‡ki Kv‡jv i‡Oi † ̄av‡Zi cvkvcvwk Avi GKUv † ̄avZ ewn‡ZwQj †hUvi iO G‡Kev‡iB Kv‡jv bq|
mg ̄Í gb †h †mB AcwiwPZvi cv‡b QwUqv wMqvwQjÑ
GL‡bv †h Zvnv‡K wKQ‡ZB Uvwbqv wdivB‡Z cvwi bv| †`qvjUKi Avov‡j iwnqv †Mj †Mv|
Kcv‡j Zvi P›`b AvKv, Mv‡q Zvi jvj kvwo, g‡L Zvi j3⁄4vi iw3gv, ü`‡qi wfZ‡i Kx †h Zv †Kgb Kwiqv
ewje| Avgvi Kí‡jv‡Ki KíjZvwU em‡šÍi mg ̄Í
d‡ji fvi Avgv‡K wb‡e`b Kwiqv w`evi Rb ̈
bZ nBqv cwoqvwQj| nvIqv Av‡m, MÜ cvB, cvZvi kã ïwbÑ †Kej Avi GKwUgvÎ cv †djvi
A‡cÿvÑGgb mg‡q †mB GK c`‡ÿ‡ci ` Z¡UKzGK gn Z© Amxg nBqv DwVj! GZw`b †h cÖwZ mÜ ̈vq Avwg web`v`vi evwo‡Z wMqv Zvnv‡K Aw ̄’i Kwiqv ZwjqvwQjvg! web`vi eY©bvi fvlv AZ
̈šÍ msKxY© ewjqvB Zvi cÖ‡Z ̈K K_vwU ù j‡1⁄2i g‡Zv Avgvi g‡bi gvSLv‡b Av ̧b R¡vwjqv w`qvwQj| ewSqvwQjvg †g‡qwUi iƒc
e‡ov Avðh©; wKš‘ bv †`wLjvg Zvnv‡K †Pv‡L, bv †`wLjvg Zvnvi Qwe, mg ̄ÍB A ̄úó
nBqv iwnj| evwn‡i †Zv †m aiv w`jB bv, Zvnv‡K g‡bI Avwb‡Z cvwijvg bvÑGBRb ̈ gb †mw`bKvi †mB weevnmfvi †`qvjUvi evwn‡i
f Zi g‡Zv `xN©wbtk¦vm †dwjqv †eovB‡Z jvwMj| nwi‡ki Kv‡Q ïwbqvwQ, †g‡qwU‡K Avgvi
d‡UvMÖvd †`Lv‡bv nBqvwQj| cQ›` Kwiqv‡Q ˆewK| bv Kwievi †Zv †Kv‡bv KviY bvB|
Avgvi gb e‡j, †m Qwe Zvi †Kv‡bv GKwU ev‡·i g‡a ̈
jKv‡bv Av‡Q| GKjv N‡i `iRv eÜ Kwiqv GKÑGKw`b wbivjv `ci‡ejvq †m wK †mwU Lwjqv
†`‡L bv? hLb SwKqv cwoqv †`‡L ZLb QwewUi Dc‡i wK Zvi g‡Li `B avi w`qv G‡jvPj
Avwmqv c‡o bv? nVvr evwn‡i KviI cv‡qi kã cvB‡j †m wK ZvovZvwo Zvi mMÜ AvP‡ji
g‡a ̈ QwewU‡K jKvBqv †d‡j bv? w`b hvq| GKUv
ermi †Mj| gvgv †Zv j3⁄4vq
weevnm¤^‡Üi K_v Zwj‡ZB cv‡ib bv| gvi B”Qv wQj, Avgvi Acgv‡bi K_v hLb mgv‡Ri
†jv‡K fwjqv hvB‡e ZLb weev‡ni †Póv †`wL‡eb| Gw`‡K Avwg ïwbjvg †m †g‡qi bvwK
fv‡jv cvÎ RwUqvwQj, wKš‘ †m cY Kwiqv‡Q weevn Kwi‡e bv| ïwbqv Avgvi gb cj‡Ki
Av‡e‡k fwiqv †Mj| Avwg Kíbvq †`wL‡Z jvwMjvg, †m fv‡jv Kwiqv Lvq bv; mÜ ̈v nBqv Av‡m, †m Pj evwa‡Z fwjqv hvq| Zvi
evc Zvi g‡Li cv‡b Pvb Avi fv‡eb, ÒAvgvi †g‡q w`‡b w`‡b Ggb nBqv hvB‡Z‡Q †Kb|Ó
nVvr †Kv‡bvw`b Zvi N‡i Avwmqv †`‡Lb, †g‡qi `B PÿzR‡j fiv| wRÁvmv K‡ib, Ògv,
†Zvi Kx nBqv‡Q ej Avgv‡K|Ó †g‡q ZvovZvwo †Pv‡Li Rj gwQqv e‡j, ÒKB wKQB †Zv nq
wb evev|Ó ev‡ci GK †g‡q †h-e‡ov Av`‡ii †g‡q| hLb Abvewói w`‡b d‡ji KwowUi g‡Zv †g‡q
G‡Kev‡i wegl© nBqv cwoqv‡Q ZLb ev‡ci cÖv‡Y Avi mwnj bv| ZLb Awfgvb fvmvBqv w`qv
wZwb
AcwiwPZv
27
QwUqv
Avwm‡jb Avgv‡`i Øv‡i| Zvi c‡i? Zvi c‡i g‡bi g‡a ̈
†mB †h Kv‡jv i‡Oi avivUv ewn‡Z‡Q †m †hb Kv‡jv mv‡ci g‡Zv iƒc awiqv †dvm Kwiqv
DwVj| †m ewjj, Ò†ek †Zv, Avi GKevi weev‡ni Avmi mvRv‡bv †nvK, Av‡jv R¦jK,
†`k-we‡`‡ki †jv‡Ki wbgš¿Y †nvK, Zvi c‡i Zwg e‡ii †Uvci cv‡q `wjqv `jej jBqv mfv
Qvwoqv Pwjqv G‡mv|Ó wKš‘, †h avivwU †Pv‡Li R‡ji g‡Zv ïå †m ivRns‡mi iƒc awiqv ewjj,
Ò†hgb Kwiqv Avwg GKw`b `gqšÍxi c®úe‡b wMqvwQjvg, †Zgwb Kwiqv Avgv‡K GKevi Dwoqv
hvB‡Z `vIÑAvwg weiwnYxi Kv‡b Kv‡b GKevi m‡Li LeiUv w`qv Avwm †M|Ó Zvi c‡i? Zvi
c‡i `t‡Li ivZ †cvnvBj, beel©vi Rj cwoj, ¤øvb djwU gL ZwjjÑGev‡i †mB †`qvjUvi
evwn‡i iwnj mg ̄Í
cw_exi Avi mevB Avi wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek Kwij GKwUgvÎ gvbl| Zvi c‡i? Zvi c‡i Avgvi K_vwU
div‡jv|
4 wKš‘, K_v Ggb
Kwiqv divBj bv| †hLv‡b Avwmqv Zvnv Adivb nBqv‡Q †mLvbKvi weeiY GKULvwb ewjqv
Avgvi G †jLv †kl Kwiqv w`B| gv‡K jBqv Zx‡_© PwjqvwQjvg| Avgvi Dc‡iB fvi wQj|
KviY gvgv Gev‡iI nveovi cj cvi nb bvB| †ijMvwo‡Z NgvB‡ZwQjvg| SvKvwb LvB‡Z
LvB‡Z gv_vi g‡a ̈
bvbvcÖKvi G‡jv‡g‡jv ̄^‡cœi SgSwg evwR‡ZwQj| nVvr GKUv †Kvb
†÷k‡b RvwMqv DwVjvg| Av‡jv‡Z AÜKvi †gkv †mI GK
̄^cœ| †Kej AvKv‡ki Zviv ̧wj wPicwiwPZÑ Avi meB ARvbv A ̄úó; †÷k‡bi `xc-KqUv Lvov nBqv `vovBqv
Av‡jv awiqv GB cw_exUv †h KZ A‡Pbv Ges hvnv Pvwiw`‡K Zvnv †h KZB eû ` i ZvnvB
†`LvBqv w`‡Z‡Q| Mvwoi g‡a ̈
gv NgvB‡Z‡Qb; Av‡jvi wb‡P meR c`©v Uvbv; †Zvi1⁄2
ev· wRwbmcÎ mg ̄ÍB
†K Kvi Nv‡o G‡jv‡g‡jv nBqv iwnqv‡Q, Zvnviv †hb
̄^cœ‡jv‡Ki DjU-cvjU Avmeve, meR cÖ‡`v‡li
wgUwg‡U Av‡jv‡Z _vKv Ges bv-_vKvi gvSLv‡b †Kgb GKiKg nBqv cwoqv AvwQ| Ggb mg‡q
†mB ATM¢Z cw_exi ATM¢Z iv‡Î †K ewjqv DwVj, ÒwkMwMi P‡j Avq GB Mvwo‡Z RvqMv
Av‡Q|Ó g‡b nBj, †hb Mvb ïwbjvg| evOvwj †g‡qi Mjvq evsjv K_v †h Kx gai Zvnv Ggwb
Kwiqv Amg‡q ARvqMvq AvPgKv ïwb‡j Z‡e m¤ú © ewS‡Z cviv hvq| wKš‘, GB MjvwU‡K
†KejgvÎ †g‡qi Mjv ewjqv GKwU †kÖwYf3 Kwiqv †`Iqv P‡j bv, G †Kej GKwU gvb‡li
Mjv; ïwb‡jB gb ewjqv I‡V, ÒGgb †Zv Avi ïwb bvB|Ó wPiKvj Mjvi ̄^i
Avgvi Kv‡Q e‡ov mZ ̈|
iƒc wRwbmwU e‡ov Kg bq, wKš‘ gvb‡li g‡a ̈
hvnv AšÍiZg Ges Awbe©Pbxq, Avgvi g‡b nq KÉ ̄^i
†hb ZviB †Pnviv| Avwg ZvovZvwo Mvwoi Rvbvjv Lwjqv evwn‡i gL evovBqv w`jvg, wKQB
†`wLjvg bv| cøvUd‡g©i AÜKv‡i `vovBqv MvW© Zvnvi GKPÿ jÉb bvwoqv w`j, Mvwo Pwjj;
Avwg Rvbjvi Kv‡Q ewmqv iwnjvg| Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡b †Kv‡bv gZ© wQj bv, wKš‘ ü`‡qi
g‡a ̈ Avwg GKwU ü`‡qi iƒc †`wL‡Z jvwMjvg| †m
†hb GB Zvivgqx ivwÎi g‡Zv, AveZ Kwiqv a‡i wKš‘ Zvnv‡K awi‡Z cviv hvq bv| I‡Mv
mi, A‡Pbv K‡Éi mi, GK wb‡g‡l Zwg †h Avgvi wPicwiP‡qi AvmbwUi Dc‡i Avwmqv ewmqvQ|
Kx Avðh© cwic © ZwgÑ PÂj Kv‡ji ÿä ü`‡qi Dc‡i djwUi g‡Zv dwUqvQ, A_P Zvi †XD jvwMqv
GKwU cvcwoI U‡j bvB, Acwi‡gq †KvgjZvq GZUK `vM c‡o bvB| Mvwo †jvnvi g`‡1⁄2 Zvj w`‡Z w`‡Z Pwjj; Avwg g‡bi g‡a ̈ Mvb ïwb‡Z ïwb‡Z Pwjjvg| Zvnvi GKwUgvÎ aqvÑÒMvwo‡Z
RvqMv Av‡Q|Ó Av‡Q wK, RvqMv Av‡Q wK| RvqMv †h cvIqv hvq bv, †KD †h Kv‡KI †P‡b
bv| A_P †mB bv-†PbvUKz†h KqvkvgvÎ, †m †h gvqv, †mUv wQbœ nB‡jB †h †Pbvi Avi AšÍ
bvB| I‡Mv mavgq mi, †h ü`‡qi Aciƒc iƒc Zwg, †m wK Avgvi wPiKv‡ji †Pbv bq| RvqMv
Av‡Q Av‡QÑkxNa Avwm‡Z WvwKqvQ, kxNaB AvwmqvwQ, GK wb‡glI †`wi Kwi bvB| iv‡Î
fv‡jv Kwiqv Ng nBj bv| cÖvq cÖwZ †÷k‡b GKevi Kwiqv gL evovBqv †`wLjvg, fq nB‡Z
jvwMj hvnv‡K †`Lv nBj bv †m cv‡Q iv‡Î bvwgqv hvq|
28
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
ciw`b
mKv‡j GKUv e‡ov †÷k‡b Mvwo e`j Kwi‡Z nB‡e| Avgv‡`i dv÷© K¬v‡mi wUwKUÑg‡b Avkv
wQj, wfo nB‡e bv| bvwgqv †`wL, cøvUd‡g© mv‡n‡e‡`i Av`©vwj-`j AvmevecÎ jBqv
Mvwoi Rb ̈ A‡cÿv Kwi‡Z‡Q| †Kvb GK
†dŠ‡Ri eo †Rbv‡ij mv‡ne åg‡Y evwni nBqv‡Qb| `B-wZb wgwbU c‡iB Mvwo Avwmj|
ewSjvg, dv÷© K¬v‡mi Avkv Z ̈vM
Kwi‡Z nB‡e| gv‡K jBqv †Kvb Mvwo‡Z DwV †m GK welg fvebvq cwojvg| me Mvwo‡ZB wfo|
Øv‡i Øv‡i DwK gvwiqv †eovB‡Z jvwMjvg| Ggb mg‡q †m‡KÛ K¬v‡mi Mvwo nB‡Z GKwU †g‡q
Avgvi gv‡K jÿ ̈ Kwiqv ewj‡jb, ÒAvcbviv
Avgv‡`i Mvwo‡Z Avmb bvÑ GLv‡b RvqMv Av‡Q|Ó Avwg †Zv PgwKqv DwVjvg| †mB Avðh©gai
KÉ Ges †mB Mv‡biB aqvÑÒRvqMv Av‡Q|Ó ÿYgvÎ wej¤^ bv Kwiqv gv‡K jBqv Mvwo‡Z DwVqv
cwojvg| wRwbmcÎ Zwjevi cÖvq mgq wQj bv| Avgvi g‡Zv Aÿg `wbqvq bvB| †mB †g‡qwUB
Kwj‡`i nvZ nB‡Z ZvovZvwo PjwZ Mvwo‡Z Avgv‡`i weQvbvcÎ Uvwbqv jBj| Avgvi GKUv
d‡UvMÖvd Zwjevi K ̈v‡giv
†÷k‡bB cwoqv iwnjÑMÖvn ̈B
Kwijvg bv| Zvi c‡iÑKx wjwLe Rvwb bv| Avgvi g‡bi g‡a ̈ GKwU ALÐ Avb‡›`i Qwe Av‡QÑZvnv‡K †Kv_vq
ïiæ Kwie, †Kv_vq †kl Kwie? ewmqv ewmqv ev‡K ̈i
ci evK ̈ †hvRbv Kwi‡Z B”Qv K‡i bv| Gevi †mB miwU‡K
†Pv‡L †`wLjvg; ZL‡bv Zvnv‡K mi ewjqvB g‡b nBj| gv‡qi g‡Li w`‡K Pvwnjvg; †`wLjvg
Zvi †Pv‡L cjK cwo‡Z‡Q bv| †g‡qwUi eqm †lv‡jv wK m‡Z‡iv nB‡e, wKš‘ be‡hŠeb Bnvi
†`‡n g‡b †Kv_vI †hb GKUI fvi PvcvBqv †`q bvB| Bnvi MwZ mnR, `xwß wbg©j,
†mŠ›`‡h©i ïwPZv Ac ©, Bnvi †Kv‡bv RvqMvq wKQzRwogv bvB| Avwg †`wL‡ZwQ, we ̄ÍvwiZ Kwiqv wKQzejv Avgvi c‡ÿ Am¤¢e|
Ggb-wK †m †h Kx i‡Oi Kvco †Kgb Kwiqv cwiqvwQj ZvnvI wVK Kwiqv ewj‡Z cvwie bv|
GUv Le mZ ̈ †h, Zvi †e‡k f vq Ggb
wKQB wQj bv †hUv Zvnv‡K QvovBqv we‡kl Kwiqv †Pv‡L cwo‡Z cv‡i| †m wb‡Ri
Pvwiw`‡Ki mK‡ji †P‡q AwaKÑ iRbxMÜvi ïå gÄixi g‡Zv mij ešÍwUi Dc‡i `vovBqv, †h
Mv‡Q dwUqv‡Q †m MvQ‡K †m G‡Kev‡i AwZμg Kwiqv DwVqv‡Q| m‡1⁄2 `wU-wZbwU †Qv‡Uv †Qv‡Uv †g‡q wQj,
Zvnvw`M‡K jBqv Zvnvi nvwm Ges K_vi Avi AšÍ wQj bv| Avwg nv‡Z GKLvbv eB jBqv †m
w`‡K Kvb cvwZqv ivwLqvwQjvg| †hUKzKv‡b Avwm‡ZwQj †m †Zv mg ̄ÍB †Q‡jgvbl‡`i m‡1⁄2 †Q‡jgvbwl K_v| Zvnvi we‡klZ¡ GB †h,
Zvnvi g‡a ̈ eq‡mi ZdvZ wKQgvÎ wQj
bvцQvU‡`i m‡1⁄2 †m Abvqv‡m Ges Avb‡›`
†QvU nBqv wMqvwQj| m‡1⁄2
KZK ̧wj QweIqvjv †Q‡j‡`i M‡íi eBÑZvnviB
†Kv‡bvÑGKUv we‡kl Mí †kvbvBevi Rb ̈
†g‡qiv Zvnv‡K awiqv cwoj| G Mí wbðq Zviv wek-cwPk evi kwbqv‡Q| †g‡q‡`i †Kb †h
GZ AvMÖn Zvnv ewSjvg| †mB mavK‡Éi †mvbvi KvwV‡Z mKj K_v †h †mvbv nBqv I‡V|
†g‡qwUi mg ̄Í kixi gb †h G‡Kev‡i
cÖv‡Y fiv, Zvi mg ̄Í
Pjvq ejvq ̄ú‡k©
cÖvY wVKwiqv I‡V| ZvB †g‡qiv hLb Zvi g‡L Mí †kv‡b ZLb Mí bq, Zvnv‡KB †kv‡b;
Zvnv‡`i ü`‡qi Dci cÖv‡Yi Sb©v Swiqv c‡o| Zvi †mB DTM¢vwmZ cÖvY Avgvi †mw`bKvi
mg ̄Í m ©wKiY‡K mRxe Kwiqv Zwjj; Avgvi g‡b
nBj, Avgv‡K †h cÖKwZ Zvnvi AvKvk w`qv †eób Kwiqv‡Q †m H ZiæYxiB AK¬všÍ A¤øvb
cÖv‡Yi wek¦e ̈vcx we ̄Ívi| c‡ii †÷k‡b †cŠwQ‡ZB LveviIqvjv‡K
WvwKqv †m Le LvwbKUv Pvbv-gV wKwbqv jBj Ges †g‡q‡`i m‡1⁄2 wgwjqv wbZvšÍ †Q‡jgvb‡li g‡Zv Kwiqv
Kjnvm ̈ Kwi‡Z Kwi‡Z Ams‡Kv‡P LvB‡Z jvwMj| Avgvi
cÖKwZ †h Rvj w`qv †eovÑAvwg †Kb †ek mn‡R nvwmg‡L †g‡qwUi Kv‡Q GB Pvbv GKgVv
Pvwnqv jB‡Z cvwijvg bv| nvZ evovBqv w`qv †Kb Avgvi †jvf ̄^xKvi
Kwijvg bv|
AcwiwPZv
29
gv
fv‡jv-jvMv Ges g›`-jvMvi g‡a ̈
†`vgbv nBqvwQ‡jb| Mvwo‡Z Avwg ciælgvbl, ZeyBnvi wKQgvÎ ms‡KvP bvB, we‡klZ Ggb
†jvfxi g‡Zv LvB‡Z‡Q, †mUv wVK Zvi cQ›` nB‡ZwQj bv; A_P Bnv‡K †envqv ewjqvI Zvi
åg nq bvB| Zvi g‡b nBj, G †g‡qi eqm nBqv‡Q wKš‘ wkÿv nq bvB| gv nVvr KviI m‡1⁄2 Avjvc Kwi‡Z cv‡ib bv| gvb‡li m‡1⁄2 ` i ` i _vKvB Zvi Af ̈vm| GB †g‡qwUi cwiPq jB‡Z Zvi Le B”Qv,
wKš‘ ̄^vfvweK
evav KvUvBqv DwV‡Z cvwi‡ZwQ‡jb bv| Ggb mg‡q Mvwo GKUv e‡ov †÷k‡b Avwmqv _vwgj|
†mB †Rbv‡ij-mv‡n‡ei GK`j Abm1⁄2x
GB †÷kb nB‡Z DwVevi D`&‡hvM Kwi‡Z‡Q| Mvwo‡Z †Kv_vI RvqMv bvB| evi evi
Avgv‡`i Mvwoi mvg‡b w`qv Zviv Nwiqv †Mj| gv †Zv f‡q Avoó, AvwgI g‡bi g‡a ̈ kvwšÍ cvB‡ZwQjvg bv| Mvwo Qvwoevi AíKvj-c
e© GKRb †`wk †ijI‡q Kg©Pvix bvg-†jLv `BLvbv wUwKU Mvwoi `B †e‡Âi wkq‡ii Kv‡Q
jUKvBqv w`qv Avgv‡K ewjj, ÒG Mvwoi GB `B †e Av‡M nB‡ZB `B mv‡ne wiRvf©
Kwiqv‡Qb, Avcbvw`M‡K Ab ̈
Mvwo‡Z hvB‡Z nB‡e|Ó Avwg †Zv ZvovZvwo e ̈ ̄Í nBqv `vovBqv DwVjvg| †g‡qwU wnw›`‡Z
ewjj, Òbv, Avgiv Mvwo Qvwoe bv|Ó †m †jvKwU †ivL Kwiqv ewjj, Òbv Qvwoqv Dcvq
bvB|Ó wKš‘ †g‡qwUi PwjòZvi †Kv‡bv jÿY bv †`wLqv †m bvwgqv wMqv Bs‡iR
†÷kb-gv÷vi‡K WvwKqv Avwbj| †m Avwmqv Avgv‡K ewjj, ÒAvwg `twLZ, wKš‘ÑÓ ïwbqv
Avwg ÔKwj KwjÕ Kwiqv WvK Qvwo‡Z jvwMjvg| †g‡qwU DwVqv `B P‡ÿ AwMœel©Y Kwiqv
ewjj, Òbv, Avcwb hvB‡Z cvwi‡eb bv, †hgb Av‡Qb ewmqv _vKb|Ó ewjqv †m Øv‡ii Kv‡Q
`vovBqv †÷kb-gv÷vi‡K Bs‡iwR fvlvq ewjj, ÒG Mvwo Av‡M nB‡Z wiRvf© Kiv, G K_v wg_
̈v K_v|Ó ewjqv bvg †jLv wUwKUwU Lwjqv
cøvUd‡g© Qwoqv †dwjqv w`j| BwZg‡a ̈
Av`©vwj-m‡gZ BDwbdg©Ñciv mv‡ne Øv‡ii Kv‡Q Avwmqv `vovBqv‡Q| Mvwo‡Z †m Zvi
Avmeve DVvBevi Rb ̈
Av`©vwj‡K cÖ_‡g Bkviv KwiqvwQj| Zvnvi ci †g‡qwUi g‡L ZvKvBqv, Zvi K_v ïwbqv,
fve †`wLqv, †÷kb-gv÷vi‡K GKUz ̄úk©
Kwij Ges Zvnv‡K Avov‡j jBqv wMqv Kx K_v nBj Rvwb bv| †`Lv †Mj, Mvwo Qvwoevi mgq
AZxZ nB‡jI Avi-GKUv Mvwo Rwoqv Z‡e †Uab Qvwoj| †g‡qwU Zvi `jej jBqv Avevi GKcËb
Pvbv-gV LvB‡Z ïiæ Kwij, Avi Avwg j3⁄4vq
Rvbjvi evwn‡i gL evovBqv cÖKwZi †kvfv †`wL‡Z jvwMjvg| Kvbc‡i Mvwo Avwmqv _vwgj|
†g‡qwU wRwbmcÎ evwaqv cÖ ̄‘Zц÷k‡b
GKwU wn›` ̄’vwb PvKi QwUqv Avwmqv
Bnvw`M‡K bvgvBevi D‡` ̈vM
Kwi‡Z jvwMj| gv ZLb Avi _vwK‡Z cvwi‡jb bv| wRÁvmv Kwi‡jb, Ò†Zvgvi bvg Kx gv|Ó
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kwbqv gv Ges Avwg `R‡bB PgwKqv DwVjvg| Ò†Zvgvi evevÑÓ ÒwZwb GLvbKvi Wv3vi,
Zvnvi bvg k¤¢bv_ †mb|Ó Zvi c‡iB mevB bvwgqv †Mj|
30
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
gvgvi
wb‡la Agvb ̈ Kwiqv, gvZ-AvÁv †Vwjqv,
Zvi c‡i Avwg Kvbc‡i AvwmqvwQ| Kj ̈vYxi
evc Ges Kj ̈vYxi m‡1⁄2 †`Lv nBqv‡Q| nvZ †Rvo KwiqvwQ, gv_v †nU
KwiqvwQ; k¤¢bv_evei ü`q Mwjqv‡Q| Kj ̈vYx
e‡j, ÒAvwg weevn Kwie bv|Ó Avwg wRÁvmv Kwijvg, Ò†Kb|Ó †m ewjj, ÒgvZ-AvÁv|Ó Kx
me©bvk| G c‡ÿI gvZj Av‡Q bvwK| Zvi c‡i ewSjvg, gvZf g Av‡Q| †mB weevn-fvOvi ci
nB‡Z Kj ̈vYx †g‡q‡`i wkÿvi eaZ MÖnY Kwiqv‡Q|
wKš‘
Avwg Avkv Qvwo‡Z cvwijvg bv| †mB miwU †h Avgvi ü`‡qi g‡a ̈ AvRI evwR‡Z‡QÑ †m †hb †Kvb Icv‡ii
evwkÑAvgvi msmv‡ii evwni nB‡Z AvwmjÑmg ̄Í
msmv‡ii evwn‡i WvK w`j| Avi, †mB-†h ivwÎi AÜKv‡ii g‡a ̈ Avgvi Kv‡b AvwmqvwQj ÒRvqMv Av‡QÓ, †m †h
Avgvi wPiRxe‡bi Mv‡bi aqv nBqv iwnj| ZLb Avgvi eqm wQj †ZBk, GLb nBqv‡Q mvZvk|
GL‡bv Avkv Qvwo bvB, wKš‘ gvZj‡K QvwoqvwQ| wbZvšÍ GK †Q‡j ewjqv gv Avgv‡K
Qvwo‡Z cv‡ib bvB|
†Zvgiv
g‡b Kwi‡ZQ, Avwg weev‡ni Avkv Kwi? bv, †Kv‡bv Kv‡jB bv| Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q, †Kej
†mB GK ivwÎi ARvbv K‡Éi gai m‡ii AvkvÑRvqMv Av‡Q| wbðqB Av‡Q| bB‡j `vove
†Kv_vq| ZvB erm‡ii ci ermi hvq Avwg GBLv‡bB AvwQ| †`Lv nq, †mB KÉ ïwb, hLb
mweav cvB wKQzZvi KvR Kwiqv w`BÑAvi gb e‡j, GB †Zv RvqMv cvBqvwQ| I‡Mv
AcwiwPZv, †Zvgvi cwiP‡qi †kl nBj bv, †kl nB‡e bv; wKš‘ fvM ̈ Avgvi fv‡jv, GB †Zv Avwg RvqMv cvBqvwQ|
kãv_© I UxKv ÔG
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cwigvY I ̧Y
Dfq w`K w`‡qB †h Zvi RxebwU wbZvšÍB Z”Q †m K_vB GLv‡b e ̈3 n‡q‡Q| d‡ji g‡Zv ̧wU
- ̧wU
GK mgq c © d‡j cwiYZ nq| wKš‘ ̧wUB hw` d‡ji g‡Zv nq Zvn‡j Zvi Am¤ú ©
mvieËv cÖKU n‡q I‡V| wb‡Ri wbõj Rxeb‡K †evSv‡Z Abc‡gi e ̈eüZ Dcgv| gvKvj dj - †`L‡Z m›`i A_P †fZ‡i
`M©Ü I kvmh3 LvIqvi Abc‡hvMx dj|
we‡kl
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Abœc ©v - A‡bœ cwic ©v| †`ex `M©v| MRvbb - MR (nvwZ) Avbb hvi| M‡Yk|
AcwiwPZv
31
ÔAvRI
Avgv‡K †`wL‡j g‡b nB‡e, Avwg Abœc ©vi †Kv‡j MRvb‡bi †Qv‡Uv fvBwU|Õ - †`ex `M©vi
`B cÎ; AMÖR M‡Yk I AbR KvwZ©‡Kq| `M©vi †Kv‡j _vKv †`e-†mbvcwZ KvwZ©‡Kq‡K
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| e ̈1⁄2v‡_© cÖ‡qvM| dêy - fvi‡Zi Mqv A‡ji
AšÍtmwjjv b`x| b`xwUi Ic‡ii As‡k evwji
Av
̄ÍiY wKš‘ †fZ‡i Rj‡ ̄avZ cÖevwnZ| Ôdêi evwji g‡Zv wZwb Avgv‡`i
mg ̄Í msmviUv‡K wb‡Ri AšÍ‡ii g‡a ̈ ïwlqv jBqv‡Qb|Õ - Abcg Zvi gvgvi
PwiÎ-ˆewkó ̈ cÖm‡1⁄2 K_vwU e‡j‡Q| msmv‡ii mg ̄Í `vq-`vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Zvi f gKv GLv‡b Dcgvi
gva ̈‡g e ̈3
Kiv n‡q‡Q| MÐ - GKgL ev GK‡Kvl Rj| AšÍtci - A›`ignj| †fZievwo| ̄^qseiv
- †h †g‡q wb‡RB ̄^vgx wbe©vPb K‡i| ̧o
̧wo - Avj‡evjv| diwm| `xN© bjh3 ûKvwe‡kl|
evav nKv - mvaviY gvb‡li e ̈envh©
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Avb›`nxb cÖPi Aemi †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡j Bnv‡`i es‡k j2xi g1⁄2jNU fiv wQj| - j2x ab I Hk¦‡h©i †`ex| g1⁄2jNU Zvi cÖZxK| Kj ̈vYx‡`i es‡k
GKmgq
j2xi Kcvq Hk¦‡h©i NU c © wQj| cwð‡g - GLv‡b fvi‡Zi cwðg AÂj‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
AvÛvgvb Øxc - fviZxq mxgvbvf3 e‡1⁄2vcmvM‡ii
Øxcwe‡kl| ̄^‡`wk
Av‡›`vj‡bi h‡M
ivRew›`‡`i
wbe©vmb kvw ̄Í w`‡q AvÛvgvb ev
Av›`vgv‡b cvVv‡bv n‡Zv| †KvbœMi - KjKvZvi wbKU ̄’
GKwU ̄’vb|
gby - weavbKZ©v ev kv ̄¿cÖ‡YZv
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cvP ai‡bi evY| KÝU© - bvbv iKg ev` ̈h‡š¿i
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32
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
†mKiv
- ̄^Y©Kvi,
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Øviv msMxZmi ̄^Zxi cÙeb `wjZ we`wjZ
Kwiqv Avwg †Zv weevn-evwo‡Z wMqv DwVjvgÕ - Abcg wb‡Ri weevnhvÎvi cwiw ̄’wZ eY©bvq mik ̈
weKU †Kvjvnj‡K msMxZ mi ̄^Zxi
cÙeb `wjZ nIqvi NUbvi m‡1⁄2
Zjbv K‡i‡Q| Awfwl3 - Awf‡lK Kiv n‡q‡Q Ggb| mIMv` - Dc‡XŠKb| †fU| †jvK-we`vq -
cvIbv cwi‡kva| GLv‡b Abôv‡bi †k‡l cvIbv`vi‡`i cvIbv
cwi‡kv‡ai
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †`Iqv-†_vIqv - we‡qi †hŠZK I Avblw1⁄2K LiP †evSv‡Z K_vwU ejv n‡q‡Q| Kwócv_i -
†h cv_‡i N‡l †mvbvi LvwUZ¡ cixÿv Kiv nq| gKig‡Lv †gvUv GKLvbv evjv - gKi ev Kwg‡ii
gLvKwZh3 nv‡Z cwi‡aq AjsKviwe‡kl| Gqvwis - Kv‡bi `j| Earring `ÿhÁ - cÖRvcwZ `ÿ KZ©K
AbwôZ hÁ| G h‡Á cwZwb›`v ï‡b mZx †`nZ ̈vM
K‡ib| ̄¿xi
gZ msev` ï‡b wke AbPimn hÁ ̄’‡j
†cŠ‡Q hÁ aŸsm K‡i †`b Ges mZxi ke Kv‡a Z‡j wb‡q cÖjq b‡Z ̈ gË nb| GLv‡b cÖjqKvÐ ev nƇMvj †evSv‡”Q|
imb‡PŠwK - kvbvB, †Xvj I KvwmÑ GB wZb ev` ̈h‡š¿
mó HKZvbev`b| Aå - GK ai‡bi LwbR avZ| Mica A‡åi Svo - A‡åi ˆZwi SvoevwZ| gnvwbe©vY -
meiK‡gi eÜb †_‡K gw3| Kwj - civ‡Y ewY©Z Pvi h‡Mi †kl hM| KwjhM| KwjKvj| Kwj †h
Pvi‡cvqv nBqv Avwmj! - KwjKvj cwic ©iƒ‡c AvZ¥cÖKvk Kij| cvKhš¿ - cvK ̄’jx| cÖ‡`vl - mÜ ̈v| GKPÿzjÉb - GKw`K †Lvjv wZbw`K XvKv
we‡kl ai‡bi jÉb, hv †ijc‡_i
ms‡KZ
†`Lv‡bvi Kv‡R e ̈eüZ
nq| g`1⁄2 - gvwUi †Lv‡ji `cv‡k Pvgov jvMv‡bv GK
ai‡bi ev` ̈hš¿| ÔMvwo †jvnvi g`‡1⁄2 Zvj w`‡Z w`‡Z Pwjj|Õ - PjšÍ †ijMvwoi
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AcwiwPZv
33
aqv
- Mv‡bi †h Ask †`vnviiv evievi cwi‡ekb K‡i| Rwogv - AvoóZv| RoZ¡| gÄix -
wKkjqh3 KwP Wvj| gKj GKcËb - GKcÖ ̄’|
Kvbci - fvi‡Zi GKwU kni| ÔZvi c‡i ewSjvg, gvZf g Av‡Q|Õ - Kj ̈vYx †h †`kgvZKvi †mevq AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i‡Q,
Abc‡gi GB
Av‡Z¥vcjwä
GLv‡b cÖKvwkZ|
cvV-cwiwPwZ ÒAcwiwPZvÓ
cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ nq cÖg_ †PŠaix m¤úvw`Z gvwmK ÔmeRcÎÕ cwÎKvi 1321 e1⁄2v‡ãi (1914) KvwZ©K msL ̈vq| GwU cÖ_g MÖš’f3 nq iex›`aM‡íi msKjb
ÔMímßKÕ-G Ges c‡i, ÔMí ̧”QÕ
ZZxq L‡Ð (1927)| ÒAcwiwPZvÓ M‡í AcwiwPZv we‡kl‡Yi Avov‡j †h ewjô e ̈w3‡Z¡i AwaKvix bvixi Kvwnwb ewY©Z n‡q‡Q,
Zvi bvg Kj ̈vYx| AgvbweK †hŠZK cÖ_vi
wbg©g ewj n‡q‡Q Ggb bvix‡`i Mí BZtc e© iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb iex›`abv_| wKš‘ GB M‡íB
cÖ_g †hŠZK cÖ_vi weiæ‡× bvix-ciæ‡li mw¤§wjZ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai K_KZv †kvbv‡jb wZwb| G
M‡í wcZv k¤¢bv_ †mb Ges Kb ̈v
Kj ̈vYxi
̄^Zš¿ exÿv I AvPi‡Y mgv‡R †M‡o-emv NY ̈ †hŠZKcÖ_v cÖwZ‡iv‡ai m¤§Lxb n‡q‡Q| wcZvi
ewjô cÖwZ‡iva Ges Kb ̈v
Kj ̈vYxi †`k‡PZbvq F× e ̈w3‡Z¡i RvMiY I Zvi Awfe ̈w3‡Z MíwU mv_©K| ÒAcwiwPZvÓ DËg ciæ‡li
Revwb‡Z †jLv Mí| M‡íi K_K Abcg wek kZ‡Ki wØZxq `k‡Ki h×msjMœ mg‡qi †mB evOvwj
heK, †h wek¦we` ̈vj‡qi
D”PZi Dcvwa AR©b K‡iI e ̈w3Z¡iwnZ,
cwieviZ‡š¿i Kv‡Q Amnvq cZjgvÎ| Zv‡K †`L‡j Av‡Rv g‡b nq, †m †hb gv‡qi †KvjmsjMœ
wkïgvÎ| ZviB we‡q Dcj‡ÿ †hŠZK wb‡q bvixi Pig AegvbbvKv‡j k¤¢bv_ †m‡bi Kb ̈v-m¤úa`v‡b Am¤§wZ MíwUi kxl© gn ©| Abcg
wb‡Ri Mí ej‡Z wM‡q e ̈v1⁄2v‡_© Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡Q †mB ANUb msNU‡bi
K_vwU| we‡qi jMœ hLb cÖ ̄‘Z
ZLb Kb ̈vi jMœåó nIqvi †jŠwKKZv‡K AMÖvn ̈ K‡i k¤¢bv_ †m‡bi wbwe©Kvi A_P ewjô cÖZ ̈vL ̈vb
bZb GK mg‡qi Avï Avwef©ve‡KB ms‡KZen K‡i Z‡j‡Q| Kgx©i fwgKvq ewjô e ̈w3‡Z¡i RvMi‡Yi ga ̈ w`‡q M‡íi †klvs‡k Kj ̈vYxi ïwPïå AvZ¥cÖKvkI fwel ̈‡Zi bZb bvixi AvMgbxi Bw1⁄2‡Z cwimgvß| ÔAcwiwPZvÕ gb ̄Ív‡c †f‡Ocov GK e ̈w3Z¡nxb he‡Ki ̄^xKv‡ivw3i
Mí, Zvi cvcövj‡bi AKcU K_vgvjv| Abc‡gi AvZ¥weewZi mÎ a‡iB M‡íi bvix Kj ̈vYx Amvgvb ̈v
n‡q D‡V‡Q| MíwU‡Z ciælZ‡š¿i AgvbweKZvi ùiY †hgb N‡U‡Q, †Zgwb GKB m‡1⁄2 ciæ‡li fv‡l ̈ bvixi cÖkw ̄ÍI
KxwZ©Z n‡q‡Q|
34
mvwnZ ̈ cvV
enwbe©vPwb cÖkœ 1.
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cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI| wcZnxb `xci PvPvB wQ‡jb cwiev‡ii KZ©v|
`xcywkwÿZ n‡jI Zvi wm×všÍ †bIqvi ÿgZv wQj bv| PvPv Zvi we‡qi D‡` ̈vM wb‡jI †hŠZK wb‡q evovevwo Kivi Kvi‡Y Kb
̈vi wcZv AcgvwbZ †eva K‡i we‡qi Av‡jvPbv
†f‡O †`b| `xcy†g‡qwUi Qwe †`‡L g» n‡jI Zvi PvPv‡K wKQB ej‡Z cv‡ibwb| 3. `xci
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wgqvi GK K_v m¤ú © UvKv bv †c‡j wZwb †Q‡j‡K wb‡q P‡j hv‡eb| welqwU cvi‡f‡Ri
Kv‡b †M‡j †m evc‡K mvd Rvwb‡q †`q, Ô†m `i`vg ev †Kbv‡ePvi cY ̈ bq| †m GKRb gvbl‡K Rxebm1⁄2x Ki‡Z G‡m‡Q, Acgvb Ki‡Z bq| wdi‡Z n‡j
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e ̈vL ̈v
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gšÍe
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